One-Stop Shopping System and Method

ABSTRACT

A system and method are disclosed for one-stop shopping for health-care services and related needs. The one-stop shopping system and method provide objective information for the system enrollee to assess and decide on health-care insurance and services. The system and method provide this objective information in a way that is easily accessible by system enrollees in an economical and rapid manner.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/599,672, entitled “One-Stop Shopping System and Method,” filed Aug. 30, 2012, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/211,007, entitled One-Stop Shopping System and Method, filed Aug. 16, 2011, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/898,954, entitled One-Stop Shopping System and Method, filed Oct. 6, 2010, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,024,352, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/877,601, entitled One-Stop Shopping System and Method, filed Oct. 23, 2007, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,818,189, which claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/854,847, filed Oct. 27, 2006, and entitled One Stop Shopping System, all incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to systems and methods that are used for providing information with regard to health-care, health-care related services, and health insurance.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Consumer Driven Health Care (CDHC) policies have been developed for employees of companies, individuals and groups (collectively “Insureds”) for obtaining health-care services in a manner that the underwriting insurers can be assured that these Insureds are obtaining economically reasonable health-care services and not needlessly overpaying for them. Typically, these policies contain a high-deductible. Thus, they require the Insureds to obtain quotes from more than one service provider to obtain the best value. However, many Insureds have found it very difficult to find the needed health-care information.

To meet the needs of the growing number of Insureds that are covered by defined contribution approaches or CDHC policies, insurers have increased the amount of information that is available on web-based tools. These web-based tools provide the Insureds with quickly accessible information that they can use for obtaining and evaluating health insurance policies, health-care providers, and related health-care services. The information that these insurers provide may be slanted beneficially on behalf of the insurers because they can control the amount and content of the information that is posted on these web-based tools. Accordingly, the Insureds have no assurance that the information is objective and consider their interests.

There are a number of reasons why the Insureds should not feel any comfort in the information that is provided by the insurers. One is that the insurers are unlikely to provide information that conflicts with their business interests, namely to maximize the return to their investors and minimize the amount paid out in claims. Therefore, information made available to the Insureds from insurer controlled web-based tools should not be felt to be particularly reliable from the Insureds' of view. As such, the Insureds must take actions to verify the information that is insurer provided. One such course of action when the information is mistrusted is to obtain a second opinion. Another action is to do extensive research when an enrollee feels that the insurer-provided information is simply not enough for the Insured to make a decision based on such information.

Insureds would prefer to have needed information available from a number of independent sources so that they can make judicious comparisons of health insurance policies, health-care providers, and related health-care services, and the costs and/or prices associated with each of them. In the past, the sources of such information were not in any type of central depository where it could be readily obtained and compared. All that was available to the Insureds were pieces of information at disparate locations, which had to be somehow found and amassed to assist them to make health-care decisions. Therefore, unless the Insureds had a great deal of time and resources, integrated, relevant, and timely information was essentially unavailable to help them make health-care decisions. Noting this, it is highly desirable for there to be a single system that will make needed health-care information readily available from neutral third-party sources to assist the Insureds in making health-care decisions in an economically and judicious manner.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is a system and method for providing one-stop shopping, among other things, for health-care services. It is understood that the preferred embodiment of the present invention is for providing one-stop shopping for health-care services but the present invention may be used for one-stop shopping of other services and still be within the scope of the present invention.

With regard to the one-stop shopping system of the present invention, health-care information is provided from objective third-party sources so that system enrollees may be readily provided with the necessary information to make health-care decisions. This information may be for both the health-care and non-health-care needs of the system enrollee. For example, the non-health-care information may be directed to legal assistance information associated with the administration of health-care related matters.

The system and method of the present invention may be embodied in a computer-based system through which an enrollee would be able to obtain objective information on a number of health-care and non-health-care matters. The computer-based system includes an Application Service Provider (ASP). This information may include, but not be limited to, the following topics:

1. Legal assistance

2. Tracking personal health-care

3. Choosing a health insurance policy

4. Managing a health savings account

5. Maximizing health

6. The siding and selecting medical treatments

7. Selecting doctors, hospitals, and other medical care providers

8. Second opinions

9. Rating medical care providers and insurers

10. Obtaining prices of medical care providers and pharmaceuticals

11. Interacting with insurers

The preferred components of the system and method of the present invention include enrollee operated units, the ASP for controlling the flow of information for the one-stop shopping system, and remote information sources for providing objective third-party information to the system enrollees. The system and method of the present invention may be implemented using a wireless or wired communications network.

The system enrollees, through the enrollee operated units, are able to access the ASP for inputting and receiving information. The ASP may include a control unit, a system unit that will be used by the system operator, and a number of system databases that are used for storing information that is input by the enrollee or retrieved based on enrollee requests.

The ASP may be connected to streaming or other data feeds to provide current information in response to enrollee requests. The ASP may also be connected to an external database that contains the health-care records of the enrollee. Further, the ASP may be connected to an external database that includes economic data relating to an enrollee. Even further, the ASP may be connected to an external database that includes information related to an enrollee's health savings account.

The system and method of the present invention, as just described, will enable the enrollee to readily obtain objective information in regard to health insurance policies, health-care providers, health-care services and health-care related information so that the system enrollee can make reasoned decisions about his/her health-care needs through one system.

An object of the present invention is to provided system and method that will readily provide easily accessible information that a system enrollee can use for making economical and judicious health-care decisions.

Another object of the present invention to provide a system and method that will allow system enrollees to have a single location through which they may timely obtain in depth information for use in making economical and judicious health-care decisions.

These and other objects of the invention will be explained in greater detail in the remainder specification with references to the drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows a schematic block drawing of the preferred embodiment system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic block drawing of an embodiment of the information exchange with respect to the system and method of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 between the enrollee, third parties, service providers, insurers, and others.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is a system and method for one-stop shopping for health-care services and related needs. The one-stop shopping system and method of the present invention provide objective information to a system enrollee. The present invention provides this objective information in a way that is easily accessible by system enrollees in an economically and rapid manner.

FIG. 1, generally at 100, shows a schematic block diagram of the preferred embodiment of the system and method of the present invention. The main element of the one-stop shopping system of the present invention is shown generally at 102. At 102 is an ASP that includes control unit 104 that controls the operation of the one-stop shopping system. In communication with control unit 104 is system unit 106 that is also part of the ASP. System unit 106 is operated by the system operator. System unit 106 is used for inputting data to the system and system databases. System unit 106 also may be used for controlling the operation of control unit 104.

System databases 108 connect to control unit 104 of ASP 102. System databases 108 will consist of a plurality of databases that are used for storing health-care information that an enrollee may request. Typically, the information that is stored in system databases 108 includes information that is retrieved based on enrollee requests. When changes to this information or additional information is to be stored in system databases 108, these databases will be appropriately updated. An example of information that may be stored in one of the system databases includes information about health-care providers in the enrollee's area.

Communications to and from ASP 102 may be through a wired or wireless network, as shown at 110. The wired network could be a local area network (LAN), municipal area network (MAN), wide area network (WAN), or an intranet. The wireless network could be the Internet or the World Wide Web. Each of these communications networks, both wired and wireless, are within the scope of the present invention.

Enrollee operated units for the one-stop shopping system of the present invention are shown at 112, 114, and 116. These units include personal computers, personal digital assistants, cellular telephones, or other similar devices capable of communicating with the ASP electronically or otherwise. The three enrollee operated units are meant to the representative of any number of enrollee operated units that access ASP 102. Each enrollee operated unit may be used, for example, to input data that will be used to retrieve information that is stored in system databases or external databases. The enrollee operated units also may be used for inputting data for storage either in system databases 108 or external databases. The information that is retrieved by the enrollee at the enrollee operated units may be on a variety of topics with respect to the enrollee's health insurance policy, health-care providers, and health-care services needs.

Again referring to FIG. 1, there is a large amount of data that the enrollee may retrieve and store in the system databases shown at 108. The information at remote locations that may be accessed by the enrollee through ASP 102 includes streaming and other data at 118, enrollee health-care data at 120, enrollee health savings account data at 121, and economic data at 122. Although, there are only four types of data sources shown, it is understood that there may be more or less than four types of data sources and still be within the scope of the present invention.

Referring to data source 118, titled “Streaming or Other Data,” the information provided from this data source includes information that typically changes rapidly. The data that is available from data source 118 may include the latest medical treatment data for diseases and other medical conditions, information about health-care service providers, current pricing data for specific health-care services, information on insurers, for example, relating to coverage, legal information as it applies to health-care providers, insurers, and others, information on insurance policies, e.g., comparisons of current information on policies from various insurers or different policies by one insurer, and financial data with respect to the insurance industry.

The “Streaming or Other Data” that has just been discussed is only an example of the streaming or other data that may be available to the enrollee through the ASP; it being understood that more or less information than is listed may be available through this information data source and still be within the scope of the present invention.

Referring to data source 120, titled “Enrollee Health Care Data,” the information provided through this data source may be medical information with regard to the enrollee that may be stored at a remote location, e.g., an electronic medical record or computerized medical record. Typically, the information from this data source could only be retrieved if authorized by the enrollee. However, a physician or hospital would have access to the electronic medical record for inputting data to it without requesting to do so from the enrollee. Moreover, it could be the case that the physician and/or hospital would have a right to retrieve information from electronic record without requesting to do so from the enrollee. Information that is stored in an electronic medical record may include health-care information about a specific enrollee or information about the enrollee's medical provider.

The “Enrollee Health Care Data” that has just been discussed is only an example of the data that may be available to the enrollee through the ASP relating to the enrollee health; it being understood that more or less information may be available through this information data source and still be within the scope of the present invention.

Referring to data source 121 titled “Enrollee Health Savings Account Data,” the information provided through this data source may include information related to funds invested, funds used, and the return of unused fund balances with regard to enrollee health savings accounts. The information that is provided from this data source may only be available if authorized by the enrollee. However, the institution that holds enrollee health savings account would have the right to access the account for inputting data to it without requesting to do so from the enrollee.

The “Enrollee Health Savings Account Data” that has just been discussed is only an example of the health savings account data that may be available to the enrollee through the ASP; it being understood that more or less information may be available through this information data source and still be within the scope of the present invention.

Referring to data source 122 titled, “Economic Data,” the information provided through this data source may include insurance data relating to the enrollee or specific insurance data with respect to the enrollee's insurer, or data relating personal expenditures by the enrollee with regard to his/her health care. The insurance data may include insurance claim data with respect to the enrollee. The personal expenditure data may, for example, refer to amounts that the enrollee actually paid for treatment. The information that is provided from this data source may only be available if authorized by the enrollee. However, it is understood, for example, that some economic data sources relating to enrollee insurance and insurance policies may have their access controlled by the enrollee and/or the insurance policy underwriter and still be within the scope of the present invention.

The “Economic Data” that has just been discussed is only an example of the economic data that may be available to the enrollee through the ASP; it being understood that more or less information may be available through this information data source and still be within the scope of the present invention.

As discussed in the Summary of the Invention, information that may be available to the enrollee through the one-stop shopping system of the present invention may include the following:

1. Legal assistance

2. Tracking personal health-care

3. Choosing a health insurance policy

4. Managing a health savings account

5. Maximizing health

6. Selecting medical treatments

7. Selecting doctors, hospitals, and other medical care providers

8. Second opinions

9. Rating medical care providers and insurers

10. Obtaining prices of medical care providers and pharmaceuticals

11. Interacting with insurers

In greater detail, the legal assistance information that may be provided would include information on possible class actions or other types of legal activities taking place that may impact the enrollee.

Tracking of enrollee's personal health-care information may be information accessed in the enrollee's electronic medical record. In accessing this information, enrollee can ensure that such information contained in the electronic medical record is accurate at all times.

Information that may be available for the enrollee that relates to selecting a health insurance policy may include information from a data source such as the eBenefits web site. This information may include comparative information on health insurance policies sufficient for the enrollee to make an informed decision on the policy to select.

An enrollee's management of his/her health savings account may include information about the actual amounts in a health savings account. More specifically, through the system of the present invention, an enrollee can view his/her account, for example, at Fidelity Investments to know the status of the account including that the account is being properly charged for health-care services.

The enrollee also can use the one-stop shopping system of the present invention to maximize his/her health. This may be carried out by using the system to obtain information on possible health risks and track health information, for example, that is associated with a new drug or the susceptibility of certain individuals to adverse affects with regard to certain treatments.

According to the above, an enrollee can be provided sufficient information to assess and select appropriate treatments for specific medical conditions. This could include treatments in the form of therapy for a particular condition. It could also provide locations where appropriate medical treatment can be provided for the enrollee's specific condition.

One of the principal areas of information to be provided to an enrollee by the one-stop shopping system of the present invention is information relating to the selection of high-quality doctors, hospitals, and other health-care providers. This will not only include the names of good doctors, hospitals, and other health-care providers but will provide in-depth information about these entities so that the enrollee can better judge whether a particular health-care provider would be good for him/her.

An enrollee also will be provided information that will permit him/her to obtain as many opinions as he/she may desire with respect to a specific medical condition of that enrollee. This can be very important to the enrollee in situations where he/she feels very uncomfortable with the first opinion that was obtained. Moreover, it will provide an ability to obtain these further opinions without placing the enrollee in the uncomfortable position of needing to seek recommendations for these further opinions from the person who provided the initial opinion.

There are a number of information data sources that provide information relating to ratings of health insurance policies, health-care providers, and health-care services. However, this information is not usually accessible at a single convenient location. The one-stop shopping system of the present invention will provide such rating information to the enrollee. This rating information may not only be helpful to enrollees but also to health-care providers and insurers.

Another principal area of the one-stop shopping system of the present invention is providing enrollees with information directed to prices for health-care services from health-care providers and for pharmaceuticals. The information that may be available would be prices for comparable health-care services in specific areas of medical practice and for pharmaceuticals, such as drugs and their generics. This information may be helpful to the enrollee in obtaining insurance coverage for their particular condition for which insurance coverage is sought including information about available generics.

The one-stop shopping system of the present invention also provides information to the enrollee regarding dealing with specific insurers. For example, it may provide information on what insurers require by way of documentation before reimbursements will be paid. Accordingly, using the present invention, the enrollee can obtain information on various insurers in order to promptly obtain reimbursement for charges. An example is a household where a husband and wife are both employed by two separate companies that provide insurance coverage for them. The two insurance companies may have specific procedures to be followed for obtaining reimbursement by this couple. Additionally, the data source may provide information relating to enrollee satisfaction with different insurers and insurance policies.

FIG. 2, generally at 200, shows a schematic block diagram of an example of information that may be exchanged using the one-stop shopping system of the present invention. The exchange of information is between enrollee operated units 112, 114, or 116; control unit 104 of ASP 102; the system operator through system unit 106; system databases 108; remote sites such as data source 118 for streaming and other data; data source 120 for enrollee health-care data; data source 121 for enrollee health savings account data; and data source 122 for economic and personal expenditure data.

Referring again to FIG. 2, generally at 202, a view of the information exchange from the standpoint of ASP 102 is shown. Control unit 104 will control the processing information for the one-stop shopping system of the present invention. This information will be distributed among enrollees, insurers, third parties, health-care providers, and others. The dynamic exchange of information is predicated on the requests that are provided by the enrollee through enrollee operated units 112, 114, and 116.

As shown in FIG. 2, there are four general areas for which information is exchanged. These are selecting health insurance 204, medical records information 206, information associated with the enrollee being sick (person sick) at 208, and non-health-care related assistance 210.

Taking first selecting health insurance 204, the enrollee would be provided information at 212 regarding the best policy values for the money that the enrollee is willing to pay from, for example, retrieved from streaming or other data source 118 and stored in system databases 108. The information provided at 212 would be policies from various insurance providers so that the enrollee can make an initial choice. Based on this information, the enrollee selects a policy at 214. In selecting the policy, the enrollee will consider economic issues such as shown at 216. For example, if the deductible were high, the enrollee would be given advice with respect to investment options on savings related to these accounts. Once the policy is selected, the enrollee will then be prepared to retrieve information should there be a need to make a claim against the insurance policy.

Referring to sick person at 208, when an enrollee become sick, the one-stop shopping system of the present invention is used to provide assistance in finding the appropriate treatment for the enrollee and proper reimbursement based on the selected insurance policy. It is understood that there are a number of things that need to take place with respect to potential reimbursement for expenses for the enrollee and other non-medical issues; however, the first item is to find a diagnosis and proper treatment for the enrollee's condition. To arrive at the appropriate treatment, it is necessary to understand what options the enrollee will have the respect to his/her insurance coverage. For example, if the potential costs for treatment for the enrollee would be $3000 for one medical service provider and $2000 for another equally capable service provider and the enrollee's reimbursable ceiling under his/her insurance policy is $2000, then it will be appropriate for the enrollee to select the latter service provider unless that enrollee wishes to pay $1000 out of pocket. Therefore, before a treatment is selected, information about the enrollee's insurance claims data must be considered. The information that is retrieved for this consideration may be from the streaming or other data source 118 that is directed to information from health-care providers and health-care sources. The retrieved information may be stored in system databases 108.

The electronic medical record at 206 is the permanent record of the medical information about the enrollee. As indicated above, access to such electronic medical record information is typically only available when authorized by the enrollee. Information retrieved from an electronic medical record that may be stored in system databases 108 may be used for a number of things. It may be exchanged with an insurance policy underwriter for purposes of making an insurance claim or it may be used in determining the appropriate treatment advice.

Should it become necessary for an enrollee to make an insurance claim, it will be necessary for that enrollee to provide insurance claim data at 218. Advice on the insurance claims data is generated through boxes 220 and 222. At 220, the enrollee is provided advice on how to obtain personal medical data, for example, from the electronic medical record. At 222, the enrollee through his/her enrollee operated unit enters the appropriate information that has been received from the advice at 220. This information forms of the insurance claims data at 218.

After the insurance claims data is determined at 218 based on information from the enrollee's electronic medical record, the electronic medical record is analyzed at 224 to determine the possible treatment options that are available for the enrollee's particular condition. This analysis may be carried out based on information retrieved from streaming or other data source 118. Once this analysis is complete, then treatment advice is provided at 226. Typically, this treatment will be within the reimbursable parameters of the insurance claims data that is provided at 218. This advice may include treatment information and/or self-care options, the best care products and health-care service providers, second and third opinions if needed, and the price of the particular recommended treatments.

The advice that is given at 226 also will include non-health-care information at 210. For example, information provided at 228 may be information about prices for particular health-care providers, drugs, and other health-care supplies, e.g., wheelchair rental.

The advice at 226 may be accompanied by negotiating advice at 230. This information may be how to negotiate the best prices from certain health-care providers or negotiating extensions of coverage with insurers.

The advice at 226 also may be supplemented with the advice at 232. This advice may include when and how the enrollee should involve the legal system with regard to obtaining his/her rightful insurance coverage or actions against third parties with respect to the care given or the causes of the harm to the enrollee.

The information exchange that is shown in FIG. 2 is directed to a preferred embodiment of information exchange that may take place with respect to the one-stop shopping system of the present invention. As would be understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art, although the present invention is directed to one-stop shopping to the obtain health-care information and advice, the one-stop shopping system of the present invention would apply to other areas that are not related to health-care and still be within the scope of the present invention.

The terms and expressions that are used herein are meant for description not limitation, it being recognized that there may be minor changes or modifications that must take place and be within the scope of the present invention. 

1. A single-integrated computer-based system for system enrollees (system users) to obtain request-based information for taking remedial-based actions, including remedial health-based actions, comprising: a central computer system for facilitating system operations between system users and third-party sites and system databases, with the third-party sites including at least one or more of streaming data, enrollee health care data, enrollee health savings account data, and/or economic data, and the central computer system causing storing of information from third-party sites and from system users in system databases, and further with system operations including communications that include, (A) bidirectional communications between the central computer system and system users for the central computer system receiving system user requests and the central computer system transmitting responses to the system user requests to system users, (B) bidirectional communications between the central computer system and system databases for storing information from third-party sites and system users, and retrieving information from the system databases based on system user requests, and (C) bidirectional communications between the central computer system and third-party sites for receiving information from such third-party sites; system databases electronically connected to the central computer for storing information from system users and information retrieved from third-party sites; one or more enrollee computer units electronically connected to the central computer for controlling the central computer for at least inputting information to the central computer for storing in the system databases, inputting requests for retrieving information stored in the system databases, and providing information from third-party sites; and a communications network for electronically connecting to the one or more enrollee computer units, the central computer, and the system databases, and connecting the central computer to third-party sites.
 2. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the streaming data includes rapidly changing data.
 3. The system as recited in claim 2, wherein the streaming data includes at least one of latest medical treatment data for disease and medical conditions, information about healthcare providers, current pricing data for healthcare services, healthcare related legal information, insurance policy comparison data, or latest information about healthcare insurers.
 4. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein enrollee healthcare data includes at least enrollee medical information including an enrollee electronic medical health record.
 5. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein enrollee health savings account data includes at least one of funds invested, funds used, or a return of unused fund balances.
 6. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the economic data includes at least one of enrollee specific insurance data or enrollee healthcare expenditures.
 7. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the communications network includes a wired or wireless network.
 8. The system as recited in claim 7, wherein the wireless network includes the Internet or World Wide Web.
 9. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the enrollee computer units are selected from a group including a mobile device and desktop device.
 10. The system as recited in claim 9, wherein the mobile device is selected from a group including a personal digital assistant, mobile cellular telephone, and mobile tablet device.
 11. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the third-party sites include information for one or more of providing legal assistance, tracking personal healthcare, selecting a health insurance policy, managing a health savings account, maximizing enrollee health, selecting medical treatments, selecting doctors, hospitals, and healthcare providers, obtaining second opinions, rating medical care providers and insurers, or negotiating with insurers.
 12. A computer-implemented method for system enrollees (system users) to obtain request-based information for taking remedial-based actions, including remedial health-based actions, comprising: each system user accessing a central computer system with at least one enrollee computer unit that is electronically connected to the central computer system for controlling the central computing system and inputting information to and retrieving information from the central computer system, with controlling the central computer system including at least inputting requests for retrieving information stored in the system databases, inputting information for storage in the system databases and inputting requests for retrieving information from third party sites; the system user effecting communications between system users and third-party sites by controlling the central computer system with the at least one enrollee computer unit, with the communications including the central computer receiving requests from system users, retrieving information from third-party sites based on the requests received from system users, with the third-party sites including at least one or more of streaming data, enrollee healthcare data, enrollee health savings account data, and/or economic data; the system user effecting communications between system users and system databases by controlling the central computer system with the at least one enrollee computer unit using the enrollee computer unit for accessing system databases electronically connected to the central computer for storing information from system users and information retrieved from third-party sites; and the system user receiving at the at least one enrollee computer unit remedial information from the central computer system based on requests associated with the system user's healthcare and medical needs.
 13. The method as recited in claim 12, wherein the streaming data includes rapidly changing data.
 14. The method as recite in claim 13, wherein the streaming data includes at least one of latest medical treatment data for disease and medical conditions, information about healthcare providers, current pricing data for healthcare services, healthcare related legal information, insurance policy comparison data, or latest information about healthcare insurers.
 15. The method as recited in claim 12, wherein enrollee healthcare data includes at least enrollee medical information including an enrollee electronic medical health record.
 16. The method as recited in claim 12, wherein enrollee health savings account data includes at least one of funds invested, funds used, or a return of unused fund balances.
 17. The method as recited in claim 12, wherein the economic data includes at least one of enrollee specific insurance data or enrollee healthcare expenditures.
 18. The method as recited in claim 12, wherein the enrollee computer units is selected from a group including a mobile device and desktop device.
 19. The method as recited in claim 18, wherein the mobile device is selected from a group include a personal digital assistant, mobile cellular telephone, and mobile tablet device.
 20. The method as recited in claim 12, wherein the third-party sites include information for one or more of providing legal assistance, tracking personal healthcare, selecting a health insurance policy, managing a health savings account, maximizing enrollee health, selecting medical treatments, selecting doctors, hospitals, and healthcare providers, obtaining second opinions, rating medical care providers and insurers, or negotiating with insurers. 